DYSPEPSIA (INDIGESTION)

The Rome IV criteria define dyspepsia as any combination of 4 symptoms:
1.Postprandial fullness (feeling of fullness after eating)
2.Early satiety (early fullness of stomach despite having eaten less)
3.Epigastric pain (PAIN IN THE UPPER ABDOMEN)
4.Epigastric burning that are severe enough to interfere with the usual activities and occur at least 3
days per week over the last 3 months with an onset of at least 6 months in advance.

CAUSES

Factors that can increase the risk of functional dyspepsia include:

• Female sex
• Use of certain over-the-counter pain relievers, such as aspirin and ibuprofen , which can
  cause stomach problems
• Smoking
• Anxiety or depression
• History of childhood physical or sexual abuse
• Helicobacter pylori infection
• diet
• lifestyle

TREATMENT

There are a wide range of treatment options for indigestion. Some treatment options include:

• Psychological interventions
• diet changes (avoid milk, cabbage, cauliflower, beans, rajmah, spicy food, citrus fruits and
  carbonated beverages etc)
• (regular walk/exercise, having food at regular timings, eat small
  frequent meals)
  The severity of your symptoms will help your doctor decide what treatment is best for you.
  Often, you may be able to treat the condition without the use of any medication. Or you may
  need a short-term or long-term medication to manage symptoms.

MEDICATIONS

Your doctor may recommend the following medications to help relieve symptoms:
1.Acid-neutralizing and acid blocking medications
2.Gas-relieving medications that include the ingredient simethicone
3.Antidepressants
4.Food pipe-strengthening medications called prokinetic agents
5.Stomach-emptying medications such as metoclopramide
6.Antibiotics if you have the H. pylori bacteria in your body